Senin, 23 Agustus 2010

Example of Analytical Exposition, Report text, Hortatory Exposition,SPOOF TEXT, Narrative Text, Recount text, DAN Descriptive Tex

 Example of Analytical Exposition
Is Smoking Good for Us?;

Before we are going to smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50 thousands people die every year in Britain as direct result of smoking. This is seven times as many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers die because of diseases caused by smoking.

Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke five cigarettes a day, we are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non smoker. If we smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater. Ninety five percent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people who are smoking. Smokers are two and half times more likely to die of heart disease than non smokers.

Additionally, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as substance causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes.

Smoking is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much money from smoking habit. Smoking however is not good for every body else.

 Report text

A razor is a tool which is found in nearly every bathroom. A man who has thick hair on his face may have to shave twice a day. It is a habit which can be dangerous. For many years, a razor was a handle with a long piece of steel which was sharp and flat at one end. These razors had a long open blade.

But today’s razors are safer and more convenient to use. The thing which makes today’s razor safe is that the blade is small thin sharp piece of steel. The person who invented razor blades was a man called King Gillette. He was a clever man who had many ideas for new inventions. He wanted to make a blade that was safe and which could be used several times. In 1891, he invented a new type of razor blade. It was short and it was held in a special handle. The sharp edge of the blade did not stick out very far. It was a razor which was safe to use. It was more difficult to cut yourself than with the older type of razor.

Gillette’s razor blade became popular. It was an invention which worked well and which everybody need because each blade only lasted 8 to 10 times. Gillette sold many of his new safety blades and soon became a millionaire.

 Example of Hortatory Exposition in Watching TV
Watch your Kids While Watching TV
Television becomes one of the most important devices which takes place in almost houses. It can unite all members of the family as well as separate them. However, is it important to know what your kids are watching? The answer is, of course, absolutely "Yes" and that should be done by all parents. Television can expose things you have tried to protect the children from, especially violence, pornography, consumerism and so on.
Recently, a study demonstrated that spending too much time on watching TV during the day or at bedtime often cause bed-time disruption, stress, and short sleep duration.
Another research found that there is a significant relationship between the amount of time spent for watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the possibility of being aggressive.
Meanwhile, many studies have identified a relationship between kids who watch TV a lot and being inactive and overweight.
Considering some facts mentioning above, protect your children with the following tips:
• Limit television viewing to one-two hours each day
• Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their own bedrooms
• Review the rating of TV shows which your children watch
• Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening in the show

 Goat Jumping into Deep Hole as EXAMPLE OF SPOOF TEXT
Two men were walking through the woods and come across a very big deep hole. "Wow...that looks deep." One replied,"Sure does... toss a few pebbles in there and we will see how deep this hole is." Then they pick up a few pebbles and throw them in and wait... no noise "Geeez. That is really deep... here.. throw one of these great big rocks down there. Those should make a noise." After that, they pick up a couple football-sized rocks and toss them into the hole and wait... and wait. but no noise they heard.

Wow.. They were really impressed with how deep hole it was. They look at each other in amazement. One gets a determined look on his face and says, "Hey...over here in the weeds, there's a railroad tie. Help me carry it over here. When we toss that sucker in this hole, it's must make some noise."

The two men drag the heavy tie over to the hole and heave it in. But, not a sound comes from the hole. Suddenly, out of the nearby woods, a goat appears, running like the wind. It rushes toward the two men, then right past them, running as fast as its legs will carry it. Suddenly it leaps in the air and into the hole. The goat disappeared into the deep hole.

The two men are astonished with what they've just seen. How could a goat jump into the hole? Then, not long after that, out of the woods comes a farmer. He seemed to seek something and asked to the two men, "Hey two guys... have you seen my goat out here?"

Feeling amazing with what they saw of a goat jumping to the hole, they answer straightly,"You bet we did! Craziest thing I've ever seen! A goat came running like crazy and just jumped into this hole!"

The farmer thought a moment and said, "That could not have been my goat. Because my goat was chained to a railroad tie." Then he left the two men.

 Narrative Text in Romeo and Juliet's Romantic and Tragic Story
In the town of Verona there lived two families, the Capulets and the Montagues. They engaged in a bitter feud. Among the Montagues was Romeo, a hot-blooded young man with an eye for the ladies. One day, Romeo attended the feast of the Capulets', a costume party where he expected to meet his love, Rosaline, a haughty beauty from a well-to-do family. Once there, however, Romeo's eyes felt upon Juliet, and he thought of Rosaline no more.
The vision of Juliet had been invading his every thought. Unable to sleep, Romeo returned late that night to the Juliet's bedroom window. There, he was surprised to find Juliet on the balcony, professing her love for him and wishing that he were not a "Montague", a name behind his own. "What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet." Romeo was ready to deny his name and professed his love. The two agreed to meet at nine o-clock the next morning to be married.
Early the next morning, Romeo came to Friar Lawrence begging the friar to marry him to Juliet. The Friar performed the ceremony, praying that the union might someday put an end to the feud between the two families. He advised Romeo kept the marriage a secret for a time.
On the way home, Romeo chanced upon his friend Mercutio arguing with Tybalt, a member of the Capulet clan. That qurreling last caused Merquito died. Romeo was reluctant no longer. He drew his sword and slew Tybalt died. Romeo realized he had made a terrible mistake. Then Friar Lawrence advised Romeo to travel to Mantua until things cool down. He promised to inform Juliet.
In the other hand, Juliet's father had decided the time for her to marry with Paris. Juliet consulted Friar Lawrence and made a plot to take a sleeping potion for Juliet which would simulate death for three days. The plot proceeded according to the plan. Juliet was sleeping in death.
Unfortunately, The Friar's letter failed to reach Romeo. Under the cover of darkness, he broke into Juliet's tomb. Romeo kissed the lips of his Juliet one last time and drank the poison. Meanwhile, the effects of the sleeping potion wear off. Juliet woke up calling for Romeo. She found her love next to her but was lying dead, with a cup of poison in his hand. She tried to kiss the poison from his lips, but failed. Then Juliet put out his dagger and plunged it into her breast. She died

 Recount text
My Rush Time as a Journalist
I usually woke up at eight o'clock a.m. and went to the Press Center to check the daily schedule of briefings and press conferences. It was usually held by the United Nation officials or disaster mitigation team.
It was challenging to visit different refugee camps to find soft stories, human interest stories. After that I went back to the Press Center to cover the press conferences of the day.
It was heart breaking when I saw these survivors fight for food and secondhand clothing. Unfortunately as they said, the food and clothing were limited and inadequate. Emerging to glaring, fool noon, it was time to go back to Press Center to write stories and race against time. I was always fearing that the internet would come crushing down.
After everything was done, only then I remembered to eat. Most times, I only ate once a day because I always had to rush and again it was difficult to find food. I had to travel quite far. I needed to spend a 30 to 45 minutes by car just to find fresh food.

 Descriptive Text about Cleopatra
One of the most famous women in world history was Cleopatra VII. She was the brilliant and beautiful last Pharaoh of Egypt. Historically, she became queen of Egypt in 51 B.C. at the age of eighteen. She was a Ptolemy, descended from one of Alexander the Great's generals. When she was twenty-one, Julius Caesar became her lover. Seven years later she met Antony. The romantic tragic relationship continued until they died by suicide in 30 B.C.

Cleopatra was legendary. She was famous not only for her breathtaking beauty but also for her great intellect. She had brown eyes and they were shaped like cat eyes. Her skin was in fact an olive shade, darker than Hollywood actress Liz Taylor who potrayed her in the film 'Cleopatra' in 1963. She had medium dark brown hair, about to the middle of her shoulder blades. She had a reputation as an extraordinarily sensuous woman.

Cleopatra was a woman of remarkable poise and unusual intelligence. She was highly educated. She spoke proficiently in nine languages and also skilled in mathematics. She is often considered to be a stunning seductress though she was studying to be a nun. Cleopatra was a very intelligent queen and a politician with a great charisma.

PENGERTIAN SISTEM KOLOID

PENGERTIAN SISTEM KOLOID

Pada tahun 1861, Thomas Graham, seorang ahli kimia bangsa Inggris melakukan percobaan untuk menguji perbedaan kemampuan aliran zat terlarut dengan menggunakan kantong perkamen, air, kristal gula, lem perekat, dan tepung kanji. Mula – mula gula, lem perekat, dan tepung kanji masing – masing dilarutkan ke dalam air. Kemudian larutannya dimasukkan ke dalam kantong perkamen, ditutup rapat dan direndam dalam air.
Dari percobaan tersebut ternyata molekul gula memiliki kemampuan untuk merembes keluar menembus pori – pori perkamen sehingga keluar dari kantong. Akan tetapi partikel kanji tidak dapat keluar dari kantong. Zat lain yang dicobakan oleh Thomas Graham adalah zat perekat dengan percobaan yang sama. Ternyata zat perekat tersebut sifatnya sama dengan sifat kanji, yaitu tidak mampu menembus membran perkamen.
Berdasarkan hasil percobaan tersebut, Graham memberikan gagasan sebagai berikut.
1. Molekul gula dapat lolos dari membran perkamen, sedangkan kanji dan perekat tidak dapat lolos dari membran perkamen. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena ada perbedaan diameter molekul antara molekul kanji dengan molekul gula. Molekul kanji mempunyai diameter lebih besar dari diameter molekul gula.
2. Larutan gula yang berasal dari kristal gula dan semacamnya disebut larutan yang berdifusi cepat atau kristaloid, sedangkan zat perekat, kanji, dan susu, atau semacamnya yang bersifat lekat dan kental disebut koloid.
Pada perkembangan selanjutnya, penggolongan zat menjadi koloid dan kristaloid tidak dapat dipertahankan karena banyak koloid dapat dikristalkan dan kristaloid dapat dibuat koloid.
Pada tahun 1907, Ostwald mengemukakan istilah system terdispersi dan medium pendispersi. System koloid terdiri dari fase terdispersi dengan ukuran tertentu dalam medium pendispersi. Zat yang didispersikan disebut fase terdispersi, sedangkan medium yang digunakan untuk mendispersikan disebut medium pendispersi. Analogi dalam larutan, fase terdispersi adalah zat terlarut sedangkan medium pendispersi adalah zat pelarut. Pada contoh campuran susu dan air, fase terdispersi adalah partikel susu dan medium pendispersinya adalah air.
Seorang kimiawan Jerman bernama Richard Zsigmondy, pada tahun 1912 mendesain mikroskop ultra untuk mengamati partikel – partikel terlarut termasuk partikel koloid. Dari pengamatannya tersebut ternyata partikel koloid mempunyai diameter molekul 10 cm - 10 cm. Mengapa harus menggunakan mikroskop ultra? Karena hanya partikel yang ukuran diameternya lebih besar dari 10 cm yang dapat dilihat dengan mikroskop biasa.

Tentang kacang hijau

Tanaman kacang hijau yang dietiolasi pertumbuhannya jauh lebih cepat
dari pada tanaman yang terkena banyak sinar matahari maupun di tempat yang redup. Akan tetapi batang tanaman tersebut tidak bisa tegak, melainkanmembungkuk. Begitu juga dengan daunnya. Daun tanaman tersebut nampak layu dan tidak segar, serta berwarna hijau muda dan agak pucat. Hal ini terjadi karena tanaman tidak mendapat sinar matahari sama sekali sehingga tanaman tidak mampu menghasilkan karbohidrat untuk pembentukan klorofil.
Tanaman ini juga memiliki kadar air yang berlebih akibat tidak terkena sinar matahari. Hormon auksin yang berfungsi untuk pertumbuhan juga bekerja, oleh karena itu tanaman tumbuh dengan sangat cepat dalam waktu singkat.
Sedangkan tanaman kacang hijau yang mendapatkan sedikit sinar matahari / diletakkan di tempat redup, pertumbuhannya berjalan normal. Tanaman nampak segar karena mendapatkan cukup sinar matahari. Daun tanaman tersebut berwarna hijau tua. Pertumbuhannya berjalan dengan normal ke atas. Hormon auksin pada tanaman ini berjalan dengan normal yang mengakibatkan tumbuhan tidak terlalu tinggi. Daun juga mendapatkan cukup sinar matahari untuk pembentukan klorofil dari karbohidrat.

DAUN SELEDRI YANG BERGUNA UNTUK MENGHILANGKAN PENYAKIT REMATIK,HIPERTENSI DAN GANGGUAN MATA KERING

DAUN SELEDRI YANG DIPERCAYA
UNTUK MENGHILANGKAN PENYAKIT
REMATIK,HIPERTENSI DAN GANGGUAN MATA KERING


BAB I
PENDAHULUAN

1.1 LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH

Menidentifikasi manfa’at dari daun seledri yang dipercaya dapat menghilangkan berbagai macam jenis penyakit.Daun seledri ialah daun yang mudah tumbuh di derah subtropik.Dan daun seledri juga dapat dijadikan sebagai alternative lain untuk mengobati berbagai jenis penyakit tetapi petani seledri di Indonesia mengalami sedikit kesulitan karena seledri yang ditanam di serang oleh hama ulat.

1.2 RUMUSAN MASALAH

Berdasarkan latar belakang diatas di rumuskan :

1.Bagimanakah cara memanfa’atkan daun seledri sebagai obat rematik,hipertensi dan gangguan mata kering ?
2.bagai mana menanggulangi hama ulat yang merusak seledri ?

1.3 TUJUAN

1.Mendeskripsikan manfa’at dari daun seledri
2.Mendeskripsikan cara menanggulangi hama ulat yang merusak daun seledri
3.Mendeskripsikan pengembangan dan pertumbuhan dari daun seledri

1.4 MANFA’AT PENELITIAN

1.Bagi para ahli, dun seledri dapat dijadikan alternative lain untuk menghilangkan penyakit seperti,reumatik,hiprtensi dan gangguan mata kering.
2.Bagi pengembangan teknologi pertanian,penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan pelajaran tentang cara membuat obat anti serangga yang tidak merusak perkembangan tumbuhan
3.Bagi para penyuluh,dapat dijadikan bahan uji coba dlam praktik menenm dan sekaligus mengajarkan para petani tentang cara menam seledri dengan baik


BAB II
KAJIAN PUTAKA

2.1 DEFINISI

Pada daun seledri memiliki bats pemakaian dan penggunaannyapun harus teratur dengan memperhatikan pemekaiannya karena daun seledri dapat meningkatkan produktivitas air kencing sehingga jika dimakan ter lalu banyak,akan merasa ingin buang air kencing terus menerus,tetapi bang air kecil itu juga sehat jika anda tidak merasa terganggu.

2.2 KANDUNGAN KIMIA DAUN SELEDRI

Tabel 2.2

No. Kandungan gizi Akg
1 Kalori 20 kal
2 Protein 19 gram
3 Lemak 0,1 gram
4 Hidrat arang 4,6 gram
5 Kalsium 50 mg
6 Fosfor 40 mg
7 Zat besi 1 mg
8 Vitamin A 130 si
9 Vitamin B 0,03 mg
10 Vitamin C 11 mg

Kandugan di atas di hitung per 100 gram

2.3 CONTOH CARA PENGGUNAAN PADA PENYAKIT

1. Untuk Hipertensi

Bahan : Daun seledri secukupnya
Cara membuat : Dip eras dengan air masak secukupnya kemudian di saring
Cara penggunaan : Diminum tiga kali sehari sebanyak dua sendok makan dan dilakukan secara rutin

2. Untuk Mata Kering

Bahan : a. 2 tangkai daun seledri
b. 2 tangkai daun bayam
c. 1 tangkai daun kemangi
Cara membuat : Semua bahan tersebut di tumbuk bersama kemudian di seduh dengan satu gelas air panas dan di saring
Cara penggunaan : Di minum biasa.

3. Obat Rematik

Bahan : Satu tangkai daun seledri.
Cara penggunaan : Di makan sebagai lalapan setiap kali makan


Dari dua cara yang telah diuji yaitu di minum dan di jadikan lalapan, yang paling teruji ialah dengan cara di minum.


BAB III

PROSEDUR PENELITIAN


3.1 METODE PENELITIAN

Dalam penelitian ini, daun seledri menggunakan uji coba kandungan giji dan kandungan kimianya terlebih dahulu, sehingga di dapatkan hasil yang menyatakan bahwa benar daun seledri mempunyai kandungan giji yang tinggi sehingga bias mengatasi sebagian jenis penyakit.

3.2 INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN

Alat :
• Kompor
• Panci
• Baskom
• Sendok
• Saringan
• Gelas.

Bahan :
• Air
• Daun seledri
• Daun bayam
• Daun kemangi.

3.3 TEHNIK PENGUMPULAN DATA

• Macam – macam seledri :
1. Seledri daun.
2. Seledri potongan.
3. Seledri berumbi.

Yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah seledri daun.

• Ciri seledri daun yang terkana hama :
1. Bolong – bolong pada pinggir dan tenggah daun.
2. Berwarna pucat.
3. Bercak putih pada bagian daun saja ( seperti serbuk ).

• Manfaat daun seledri :
1. Dapat menghilangkan rematik.
2. Dapat mengobati hipertensi.
3. Dapat mengatasi penyakit mata kering.

• Cara penanggulangan hama :
1. Disemprot dengan cairan pestisida.
2. Menggunakan jaring pemisah.
3. Rumah kaca.
4. Pemantauan.

• Uji coba :
Eksperimen I : Mengusir hama dengan pestisida
Alat :
• Ember
• Tabung penyemprot
• Batang bambu ( adukan ).

Langkah pertama :
Campur semua bahan pada ember dauk merata, kemudian di isi di tabung penyemprot.

Langkah kedua :
Cairan tersebut di esmprotkan pada daun seledri.

Eksperimen II : Mengusir hama dengan rumah kaca .
Caranya : Tanam daun seledri di dalam rumah kaca.

Kesimpulan uji coba :
Dari dua uji coba eksperimen di atas terbukti yang lebih dapat melindungi daun seledri ialah rumah kaca karena jika menggunakan pestisida maka akan mengganggu pertumbuhan seledri.

• Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian
Pane na’e RT. 03 RW.02,Kecematan Rasana’e Barat Kota Bima.waktu penelitian dari tanggal 20 januari 2010 – tanggal 11 maret 2010


BAB IV

DISKRIPSI, ANALISIS, PEMBAHASAN


4.1 DISKRIPSI

Daun seledri ialah merupakan tumbuhan dataran tinggi yang di temukan pada ketinggian di atas 900 meter di atas permukaan laut (mdpl). Di daerah ini seledri yang tumbuh memiliki tangkai daun yang menebar sehingga banyak protein, kalori, hidrat arang, kalsum, fosfor, zat besi dan vitamin. Untuk pertumbuhannya seledri memerlukan udara yang lembab. Seledri juga biasa ditanam di dataran rendah hanya saja ukuran batangnya akan menjadi lebih kecil sehingga isi kandungan gizi sedikit berkurang di bandingkan ditanam di dataran tinggi.
Berikut perbedaan table 4.1 perkembangan antara seledri yang di tanam didataran tinggi dengan seledri yang ditanam di dataran rendah.

Nama tumbuhan Lamanya Dalam ukuran tinggi (cm)
Dataran tinggi Dataran rendah
Seledri 3 Minggu 2 cm - 4,5 cm 1,5 cm –4 cm
5 Minggu 4,5 cm - 6,5 cm 4 cm – 6 cm
7 Minggu 6,5 cm - 8 cm 6 cm – 7,5 cm

4.2 ANALISIS

Menurunnya produktivitas panen daun seledri yang di golongkan standar karena diserang olaeh berbagai hama dan salah satu hama itu adalah ulat, ulat ialah hama yang mampu merusak 40% daun tiap helainya dan itu juga terjadi pada daun seledri.
Cara yang benar - benar efektif untuk menjauhkan daun seledri dari hama ulat ialah rumah kaca karena jika di bandingkan dengan penyemprotan hanya bersifat sementara saja jadi yang aman adalah rumah kaca, sebab rumah kaca tidak mengandung zat berbahaya dan tidak perlu menyemprot tumbuhan dengan selang waktu tertentu.

4.3 PEMBAHASAN

Daun seledri ialah daun yang berasal dari daerah eropa dan asia, daun seledri di bedakan menjadi tiga macam yaitu ; seledri daun, seledri potongan dan seledri berumbi.Di Indonesia seledri dapat tumbuh dengan baik karena iklim di Indonesia juga sangat mendukung pertumbuhan seledri. Di Indonesia seledri yang sering ditanam ialah seledri daun di karnakan seledri daun perkembangannya lebih cepat di bandingkan dengan seledri yang lain.Untuk bidang pengobatannya daun seledri digunakan sebagai alternative lain obat. Daun seledri dapat mengatasi berbagai jenis penyakit antara lain ; penyakit reomatik, hipertensi, dan gangguan mata kering.


BAB V

KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

5.1 KESIMPULAN

Jadi daun seledri sangat berguna untuk media penyembuhan selain obat dan juga tidak memiliki efek samping di karnakan daun seledri ialah tumbuhan herbal. Jadi aman di konsumsi.

5.2 SARAN

Jikan ingin memanfaatkan daun seledri dengan maksimal, sebaiknya di gunakan secara teratur dan rutin agar dapat mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal.